The ASRS shows excellent reliability and validity for ASD evaluation in the English-speaking population in the U.S. Goldstein and Naglieri in 2009 and is available in two versions for young children 2–5 and 6–18 years of age ( ). Although many tools are available, current ASD screening primarily focuses on children older than 5 years of age, whereas tools targeting children 2–5 years of age are lacking. These scales include the Checklist for Autism in Toddlers-23 (CHAT-23), the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test (CAST), and the Autism Spectrum Rating Scale (ASRS) ( 9– 14). Experts have developed scales by combining both qualitative and quantitative methods based on the core symptoms of autism to help improve identification of ASD. Therefore, early identification and intervention are urgently needed for this population ( 8).Ĭurrently, the diagnosis of ASD depends on behavioral assessment, because sufficient biomarkers are not available for the early identification of autism conditions in the general population. However, most children with ASD receive their first diagnosis when they enter the diverse school environment, which might be later than the optimal intervention age. Early intervention improves the prognosis of ASD ( 5– 7). Currently, behavioral intervention is the primary treatment ( 4). Furthermore, ASD severely impacts the quality of life and places a substantial economic burden on individuals, families and society ( 2, 3). ASD is a public health problem worldwide due to its significantly increased prevalence. With a total score cut-off ≥ 60, the RC_ASRS is an excellent tool to identify ASD cases from Chinese kindergarten children (sensitivity = 88.6%, specificity = 84.5%).Ĭonclusions: The RC_ASRS has excellent psychometric properties and is a reliable, useful tool for early ASD screening among Chinese children.Īutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a cluster of neurodevelopmental disorders that develop in early childhood and are characterized by impaired social interactions and repeated stereotypic behaviors ( 1). The total RC_ASRS score showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93–0.97). The total score and the SC and UB scores were significantly higher in ASD cases than in kindergarten samples (Cohen's d ranged from 0.82 to 2.72). Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.87 to 0.91 within the RC_ASRS. Results: The result showed that 62 items comprised a two-factor structure Factor 1 (social communication, SC) included 21 items, and Factor 2 (unusual behavior, UB) included 41 items. Mplus 7.03 was utilized to conduct exploratory factor analysis, followed by adaptive modifications to construct the revised Chinese version of the ASRS (RC_ASRS). A total of 2,181 kindergarten children and 207 ASD cases participated in this study. Methods: Participants were recruited from 17 kindergartens and 5 special education schools across five cities (Shanghai, Guangzhou, Changsha, Chengdu, and Harbin) in China. This research aimed to assess cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the autism spectrum rating scale (ASRS) under the Chinese cultural environment. A useful screening tool can help to detect early autistic symptoms and provide children an early opportunity for ASD-related interventions. Currently, the diagnosis of ASD depends on behavioral assessments. 10Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, Chinaīackground: No sufficient biomarkers are available for early identification of autism in the general population.9Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics and Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States.8Department of Child Health, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.7Child Development Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.6Department of Child Health, Chengdu Women and Children's Hospital, Chengdu, China.5Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.4School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.3Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.2Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Medical College of Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.1Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.Hao Zhou 1,2† Chunpei Li 1† Xuerong Luo 3 Lijie Wu 4 Yi Huang 5 Lan Zhang 6 Xiaobing Zou 7 Xiu Xu 8 Yong-Hui Jiang 9 Weili Yan 10 * Yi Wang 1 *
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